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Home / How to Teach Pre K to Read

How to Teach Pre K to Read

How to teach children to read

Education children to read is i of the most complicated, arduous and fourth dimension-consuming parts of teaching English. There're many approaches to teaching to read nowadays. However, I'll focus on 2 popular and effective methods: Phonics and "Wait and say".

Phonics

Phonics is a method of teaching immature learners how to read which focuses on how letters make sounds, and how these sounds make words. This approach is non meaning focused, it is just about decoding and pronunciation. Teachers are to put accuracy earlier speed because fluency (i.e. speed, accuracy, expression, and comprehension) volition come with time.

Phonics is the study of the relationship between the spoken and written language, i.east. phonemic awareness and letter shape. Each letter or combination of messages represents a sound or sounds. The information is codification, as we must be able to recognise which symbols make which sounds in club to read. Children are taught 44 alphabetic character sounds, which is a mix of alphabet sounds:

  • grapheme (1 sound – ane letter of the alphabet, e.grand. c, t, a )
  • digraphs (1 sound – 2 letters, e.g. sh, th, ai, ue )
  • trigraphs (1 sound — 3 letters, e.g. ght )

This information is found in the Alphabetic Code .  There's no i order you cull to teach phonics, simply it'southward definitely meliorate to go from simple to more complex phonics.

"Phonics involves the teaching of the transparent alphabet (east.g. /k/ as in «cat») before progressing onto the "opaque" alphabet (e.m. /yard/ as in «schoolhouse»). In other words, children are taught steps which are straightforward and like shooting fish in a barrel before being taught the complications and variations of pronunciation and spelling of the total alphabetic code"(© Wikipedia ).

Therefore children are first taught graphemes and high-frequency tricky words, then digraphs and trigraphs; then less frequency catchy words. Moreover, information technology'south better to base of operations phonics on the target vocabulary, so phonics are not separated from the main form and children learn as they go forth.

What are tricky words?

These are some words which don't follow hands recognisable patterns. Children have to acquire these words in their entirety, past sight. Native speakers learn a lot of these at schoolhouse through poetry, then one mode to teach them is to say a discussion that rhymes with the tricky word (for example, "shoe" rhymes with "zoo" and "key" rhymes with "tree"). Some other skilful manner to practise them is flashcard-type games.

When a child is learning to read there are crucial things to learn:

  • how the sounds are represented by written letters;
  • how to blend (synthesise) the sounds together to brand words;
  • how to segment for spelling (eastward.grand. spell your name).

Children are taught to read letters or groups of letters by maxim the audio(s) they correspond. For example, how to teach the word "cat" using the Phonics method.

  1. Say the sound [k].
  2. Take the educatee repeat the sound.
  3. Say the whole give-and-take, "cat" [kæt].
  4. Tell the student to repeat the whole word.
  5. Say another words that start with [k]: "cake", "cup", "coke".
  6. Prepare flashcards with different pictures. Say the words for the student to listen and choose the words with the sound [k] (to practise audio recognition)
  7. Tell the student to write the letter, then the word. (to practise tracing and letter of the alphabet recognition)

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Teachers accept to read a total range of target vocabulary, sentences, comic strips, literature with the children and ensure that students have a full range of feel of activities associated with literacy such every bit part play, chants, songs, poetry, but children are not expected to 'read' text which is across them, and the method does not involve guessing the meaning from context, flick, and initial alphabetic character clues. If students do not know or cannot read, a instructor reads for them.

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Pros of Phonics:

  • Students learn sounds.
  • They larn to read step past step.
  • It's more than comprehensible, consistent and based on Lexis.
  • Children can read the words they don't know if they know the sounds spelling

Cons of Phonics:

  • Students cannot commencement reading until they learn enough sounds.
  • They tin can read only the words with the sounds they know.
  • Information technology can have a long time.
  • This approach is non comprehension-focused.

Look and say

Phonics can be compared with the whole word , or 'Look and say' arroyo, which focuses on recognising words. This is a method of education reading based on the visual recognition and memorizing of words rather than by the association of sounds and messages.

For case, using a "Look and say" arroyo a kid may be shown the word "cat" on a flashcard and is told, "cat". The child, over fourth dimension, then learns that when they come across the symbol "cat", they are to say the word "cat". This fashion English becomes kind of a logographic language, that has thousands of detailed symbols that represent individual words.

Picture-words or sight words account for upwardly to 75% of the words used in beginning children'south print materials. Sight discussion lists have been compiled based on high-frequency words, for example, the Dolch give-and-take list. These words are divided into levels which are prioritised and introduced to children according to a frequency of appearance in offset readers' texts.

bez imeni1 Skyteach Pros of "Wait and say":

  • Children learn loftier frequency and easy words fast.
  • Students learnt how to read "similar" new words by association and word recognition. For example, "cat", "bat", "rat". Children recognize words automatically, as a event, a beginning reader will be able to identify the majority of words in a kickoff text earlier they fifty-fifty endeavor to read it (in phonics arroyo they see the similar alphabetic character sounds, when in "Wait and say" they see the like symbols).
  • It allows children to concentrate on meaning and comprehension as they read without having to terminate and decode every single discussion.
  • Information technology helps to larn catchy words with unusual spelling, as they cannot be sounded out using basic phonics knowledge.

Cons of "Await and say":

  • Children are required to memorise thousands of words and cannot decode new words they run across independently. Instead of having to recollect only 26 letters and their matching phonemes, children have to use their memory space to remember each and every word as a symbol.
  • Children may be stuck in reading if they don't know how to read certain letters.
  • Students may accept difficulties with spelling.
  • You always need an image: pictures or miming which doesn't work well for abstruse things of certain phrases.

Based on the information above I would recommend combining both methods to make teaching reading more productive, comprehensible, logical and consequent.

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Source: https://skyteach.ru/2018/11/29/how-to-teach-children-to-read/